Which term describes a change that results in part of a chromosome being repeated?

The term that describes a change resulting in part of a chromosome being repeated is duplication. Duplication occurs when a segment of DNA is copied, leading to an increase in the number of copies of that segment within the chromosome. This can affect gene dosage and lead to phenotypic changes in an organism, as the extra genetic material may result in the overexpression of certain genes.

Translocation refers to the movement of a chromosome segment from one location to another, which does not involve duplication of the genetic material. Deletion involves the loss of a segment of a chromosome, resulting in a reduction of genetic information, while inversion entails a segment of the chromosome being flipped in orientation but does not result in any additional copies of the genetic material. Each of these processes affects genetic structure differently, and understanding duplication's unique role in genetic variation and potential disorder is crucial in genetics studies.