Which of the following best defines the process of introducing desirable traits into organisms?

The process of introducing desirable traits into organisms is best described by genetic engineering. This technique involves the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. Genetic engineering allows scientists to insert, delete, or modify genes, enabling them to enhance specific traits, such as pest resistance in crops or increased yield in livestock. The goal is to produce organisms that have traits that benefit agriculture, medicine, or other fields.

In contrast, genetic drift refers to the random changes in allele frequencies in a population over time, which can lead to the loss or fixation of certain traits but does not involve the purposeful introduction of traits. A population bottleneck occurs when a significant reduction in population size leads to a loss of genetic diversity, which is also not related to the deliberate introduction of traits. Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise, which occurs over a longer timeframe and involves the accumulation of genetic changes, rather than the targeted alteration of specific traits.