Which mutation is characterized by a segment of DNA being moved to a different location?

Translocation is a specific type of mutation where a segment of DNA is moved from one location to another, either within the same chromosome or between non-homologous chromosomes. This rearrangement can have significant effects on gene expression and function, potentially leading to the development of diseases, including certain types of cancer, where genes that are normally not adjacent to each other come to be situated closely, potentially activating oncogenes or disrupting normal gene regulation.

Inversions, on the other hand, involve a segment of DNA being reversed within its original location but do not involve movement to a different location. Missense mutations result in a single amino acid change in a protein sequence due to a change in one nucleotide, and silent mutations refer to changes in the DNA sequence that do not alter the final protein product. Neither of these types of mutations involves the movement of DNA segments within or between chromosomes.