Which method can be used to visually represent genetic traits across generations?

A pedigree is a diagram that illustrates the inheritance of specific genetic traits within a family over generations. It uses standardized symbols to denote males, females, affected individuals, carriers, and individuals that are unaffected by the trait being studied. By tracing the lineage, a pedigree chart allows biologists and geneticists to identify patterns of inheritance such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked traits.

This method is particularly valuable for determining the likelihood of a trait being passed on to future generations, assessing risks for genetic disorders, and understanding the genetic connections within a family. Each generation is typically represented by a line or row in the diagram, making it easy to see how the trait is inherited or skipped over time.

Other methods do not serve the same purpose. A phenogram, for instance, is used to show evolutionary relationships based on phenotypic traits rather than genetic ones. A flowchart is useful for depicting processes or sequences of events, while a histogram represents frequency distributions of data, which is not directly related to genetics or inheritance patterns. Therefore, pedigree charts are the correct tool for visually representing genetic traits across generations.