What occurs during a primary immune response?

During a primary immune response, the immune system encounters a specific antigen for the first time. This process involves the activation of both B cells and T cells. B cells play a crucial role as they synthesize and release specific antibodies tailored to the encountered antigen. In addition to the immediate production of antibodies, the primary response results in the formation of memory B cells. These memory cells are crucial for long-term immunity, as they allow the body to respond more rapidly and effectively upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen.

This dual action of producing antibodies and generating memory cells is significant because it sets the foundation for a more efficient secondary immune response. The immediate immune response is not characteristic of primary responses; rather, it is typically slower and takes days to weeks as the body recognizes the pathogen and ramps up the necessary cellular and humoral defenses. Therefore, C captures the essence of a primary immune response effectively by including both the generation of specific antibodies and the establishment of memory cells, ensuring that the body is better prepared for future encounters with the same pathogen.