What is the term for a change to a chromosome where a fragment is removed?

The term for a change to a chromosome where a fragment is removed is deletion. In genetics, a deletion occurs when a segment of the DNA is lost or deleted from the chromosome. This can lead to various effects on the organism, depending on the genes involved and the size of the deletion. If important genes are removed, it can disrupt normal biological functions and potentially result in genetic disorders or diseases.

Duplication, on the other hand, involves a segment of a chromosome being copied, while inversion refers to a segment being reversed in orientation, and translocation is the movement of a segment from one chromosome to a different chromosome. Each of these changes affects the chromosome in different ways, but deletion specifically refers to the loss of genetic material.