What is the process of injecting semen into the uterus using artificial means called?

The process of injecting semen into the uterus using artificial means is known as artificial insemination. This technique is commonly used in both human medicine and animal breeding to facilitate reproduction without the necessity for natural mating.

Artificial insemination involves collecting semen from a male and then depositing it into the female's reproductive tract at the appropriate time to maximize the chances of fertilization. This method allows for the use of high-quality sperm from a selected donor and can be particularly beneficial in situations where natural mating is impractical, such as with certain livestock or in cases of infertility in humans.

In contrast, the other options pertain to different biological concepts and techniques. Gene cloning involves creating copies of specific genes or segments of DNA, while artificial pollination refers to the deliberate transfer of pollen from one flower to another to promote fertilization in plants. Ecosystem manipulation involves altering the environment or interactions within an ecosystem, which does not relate to the specific process of insemination. Thus, the term that correctly describes the procedure of introducing semen into the uterus is artificial insemination.