During which phase does a cell grow, perform normal functions, and prepare for division?

During Interphase, the cell is in a phase of growth and preparation for division. This stage consists of three sub-phases: G1 (first gap), S (synthesis), and G2 (second gap).

In the G1 phase, the cell grows in size, produces RNA, synthesizes proteins, and carries out its normal metabolic functions. The S phase is critical as DNA replication occurs, ensuring that each daughter cell will have an identical set of chromosomes. In the G2 phase, the cell continues to grow and makes the final preparations for mitosis, including the production of necessary proteins and organelles.

This overall activity during Interphase is crucial for ensuring that the cell is adequately prepared to successfully undergo mitosis, allowing for proper distribution of genetic material to the resulting daughter cells. The other phases listed, such as Prophase, Mitosis, and Telophase, are involved in the actual process of cell division and do not encompass the preparatory functions characteristic of Interphase.